Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) are a group of halogenated semi-volatiles, non-halogenated semi-volatiles, and halogenated volatiles with a greater density than water. These contaminants are found at hazardous waste sites where chlorinated solvents, wood preserving wastes, coal tars, and pesticides have been used. DNAPL are present in immiscible hydrocarbon phase and often are difficult to
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