Common Instructions

These are the terms and instructions clients, councils and legal teams commonly use for this work in Australian practice.

  • Groundwater investigation
  • Hydrogeological investigation
  • Groundwater assessment
  • Groundwater remediation

Reviewer

Reviewed by Michael Nicholls, Principal Environmental Scientist (CEnvP #0831, Site Contamination Specialist SC40037).

Last reviewed 23 April 2026.

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Primary Sources

These official references commonly inform the way this work is scoped, interpreted or defended.

Home / Capabilities / Groundwater Investigation

Groundwater / hydrogeology / PFAS

Groundwater investigation and hydrogeological advice for contaminated sites, PFAS and migration risk.

iEnvi delivers groundwater investigation, hydrogeological investigation and monitoring programmes where site risk depends on understanding plume behaviour, sensitive receptors, beneficial use, remediation response or the implications of contamination leaving the source area.

Groundwater investigation
Hydrogeological investigation
PFAS groundwater assessment
Monitoring and plume delineation

Used where migration risk matters

This work is often triggered by off-site receptors, bores, waterways, dewatering, vapour pathways or regulator concern about plume movement.

Focused on practical hydrogeology

The objective is not to over-complicate the model. It is to get enough clarity to support decisions on risk, remediation and monitoring.

Integrated with contaminated land work

Groundwater advice is linked back to the conceptual site model, source control, land use and closure strategy rather than treated as a separate exercise.

Typical instructions

Where a groundwater investigation changes the decision path.

Groundwater data becomes decisive when contamination is near the water table, when PFAS or dissolved-phase impacts are plausible, when a dewatering or construction decision has to be made, or when stakeholders need to know whether a plume is stable, expanding or threatening a receptor.

Investigation

Source and plume definition

Designing monitoring well networks, groundwater sampling rounds, gauging and data interpretation to understand source areas, gradients and plume extent.

Approvals and risk

Land use, dewatering and receptor decisions

Supporting redevelopment, council responses, waterway or bore risk reviews, and the interpretation needed when groundwater conditions affect approvals or construction.

Remediation

Groundwater response and performance tracking

Using hydrogeological evidence to guide remediation selection, monitored natural attenuation, source control, staged response and validation logic.

What the work includes

What a hydrogeological investigation usually needs to cover.

The work is tailored to the site, but the important thing is that the programme produces evidence that can be interpreted in a way decision-makers can use.

Field programme

Monitoring design and sampling

Monitoring well installation or review, groundwater level gauging, sampling, laboratory schedules and the practical sequencing required for reliable data.

Interpretation

Flow direction, beneficial use and plume logic

Hydrogeological interpretation has to connect the groundwater setting to contaminant mobility, receptors, discharge potential and the likely persistence of the issue.

PFAS and dissolved-phase issues

Pathway-specific assessment

PFAS, petroleum, solvents and other dissolved contaminants are assessed against the actual groundwater use and receiving environment, not just generic headline values.

Decision output

Advice that supports the next move

The final position should tell the client whether they need more monitoring, risk assessment, source control, active remediation, dewatering constraints or a regulator discussion.

Common contexts

Service stations, industrial land, redevelopment sites, PFAS-affected land, waste facilities, construction dewatering, auditor reviews and sites with off-site migration concern.

Typical outputs

Groundwater investigation reports, monitoring event interpretation, plume assessment, hydrogeological advice, receptor commentary and remediation support.

Connected services

This service commonly sits beside DSI, risk assessment, remediation and regulator response.

Next step

Use groundwater investigation when plume behaviour, receptors or remediation decisions cannot stay assumed.

iEnvi can scope a fit-for-purpose groundwater investigation around contamination status, PFAS issues, receptor sensitivity, redevelopment timing and the actual decisions that depend on the data.